Application of Stable Isotope and Multi-Element Analysis in the Origin Traceability of Teak (Tectona spp.) Imported into China

Haibo Wang; Bo Lu; Xiaowei Kang; Ming Ma; Jianguo Chen

doi:doi:10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16

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Application of Stable Isotope and Multi-Element Analysis in the Origin Traceability of Teak (Tectona spp.) Imported into China

Haibo Wang, Bo Lu, Xiaowei Kang, Ming Ma, Jianguo Chen

Published in Journal of Plant Sciences (Volume 11, Issue 4)

Received: 21 July 2023 Accepted: 10 August 2023 Published: 22 August 2023

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Abstract

Teak (Tectona spp.) is a precious species with high commercial value. Its characteristics vary from different growth regions, and its value will also be different. There has been a lack of reliable technological means to trace the origin of teak from various countries. In this study, we collected samples of teak trees in Myanmar, Cote d'Ivoire, and Panama from the ports where timber is imported into China to measure the content of 11 elements and the ratios of stable isotopes δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N, which are used by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). Furthermore, software for statistical analysis, such as SPSS and SIMCA, was utilized to explore the statistical correlations of difference factors among samples from different countries and assess the application values of origin traceability. The results revealed significant differences (p<0.05) in the content of Rb, Sr, and Ba, as well as three rare earth elements (REEs)—La, Ce, and Nd—among the teak samples from the three countries. Moreover, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed on the δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values, indicating significant differences (p<0.05) in δ¹³C between the samples from Myanmar and those from Cote d'Ivoire and Panama. However, the δ¹³C analysis alone was not effective in discriminating the samples from Cote d'Ivoire and Panama. In addition, an orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was conducted by combining isotope ratios and element content. This analysis resulted in an accuracy of 92.3% in discriminating between teak samples from the three countries, indicating a good level of discrimination. As such, it becomes feasible to achieve a certain degree of origin traceability for teak using δ¹³C as the main difference factor for significance testing. The discriminant analysis combining isotope ratios and element content enhances the discrimination accuracy, which can be applied to trace the origin of teak imported from different regions.

Published in	Journal of Plant Sciences (Volume 11, Issue 4)
DOI	10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16
Page(s)	144-149
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2023. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Tectona spp., Origin Traceability, Multi-Element, Stable Isotope Ratio, Import

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APA Style

Haibo Wang, Bo Lu, Xiaowei Kang, Ming Ma, Jianguo Chen. (2023). Application of Stable Isotope and Multi-Element Analysis in the Origin Traceability of Teak (Tectona spp.) Imported into China. Journal of Plant Sciences, 11(4), 144-149. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16

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ACS Style

Haibo Wang; Bo Lu; Xiaowei Kang; Ming Ma; Jianguo Chen. Application of Stable Isotope and Multi-Element Analysis in the Origin Traceability of Teak (Tectona spp.) Imported into China. J. Plant Sci. 2023, 11(4), 144-149. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16

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AMA Style

Haibo Wang, Bo Lu, Xiaowei Kang, Ming Ma, Jianguo Chen. Application of Stable Isotope and Multi-Element Analysis in the Origin Traceability of Teak (Tectona spp.) Imported into China. J Plant Sci. 2023;11(4):144-149. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16

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@article{10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16,
  author = {Haibo Wang and Bo Lu and Xiaowei Kang and Ming Ma and Jianguo Chen},
  title = {Application of Stable Isotope and Multi-Element Analysis in the Origin Traceability of Teak (Tectona spp.) Imported into China},
  journal = {Journal of Plant Sciences},
  volume = {11},
  number = {4},
  pages = {144-149},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jps.20231104.16},
  abstract = {Teak (Tectona spp.) is a precious species with high commercial value. Its characteristics vary from different growth regions, and its value will also be different. There has been a lack of reliable technological means to trace the origin of teak from various countries. In this study, we collected samples of teak trees in Myanmar, Cote d'Ivoire, and Panama from the ports where timber is imported into China to measure the content of 11 elements and the ratios of stable isotopes δ13C and δ15N, which are used by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). Furthermore, software for statistical analysis, such as SPSS and SIMCA, was utilized to explore the statistical correlations of difference factors among samples from different countries and assess the application values of origin traceability. The results revealed significant differences (p13C and δ15N values, indicating significant differences (p13C between the samples from Myanmar and those from Cote d'Ivoire and Panama. However, the δ13C analysis alone was not effective in discriminating the samples from Cote d'Ivoire and Panama. In addition, an orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was conducted by combining isotope ratios and element content. This analysis resulted in an accuracy of 92.3% in discriminating between teak samples from the three countries, indicating a good level of discrimination. As such, it becomes feasible to achieve a certain degree of origin traceability for teak using δ13C as the main difference factor for significance testing. The discriminant analysis combining isotope ratios and element content enhances the discrimination accuracy, which can be applied to trace the origin of teak imported from different regions.},
 year = {2023}
}

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TY  - JOUR
T1  - Application of Stable Isotope and Multi-Element Analysis in the Origin Traceability of Teak (Tectona spp.) Imported into China
AU  - Haibo Wang
AU  - Bo Lu
AU  - Xiaowei Kang
AU  - Ming Ma
AU  - Jianguo Chen
Y1  - 2023/08/22
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16
T2  - Journal of Plant Sciences
JF  - Journal of Plant Sciences
JO  - Journal of Plant Sciences
SP  - 144
EP  - 149
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2331-0731
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16
AB  - Teak (Tectona spp.) is a precious species with high commercial value. Its characteristics vary from different growth regions, and its value will also be different. There has been a lack of reliable technological means to trace the origin of teak from various countries. In this study, we collected samples of teak trees in Myanmar, Cote d'Ivoire, and Panama from the ports where timber is imported into China to measure the content of 11 elements and the ratios of stable isotopes δ13C and δ15N, which are used by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). Furthermore, software for statistical analysis, such as SPSS and SIMCA, was utilized to explore the statistical correlations of difference factors among samples from different countries and assess the application values of origin traceability. The results revealed significant differences (p13C and δ15N values, indicating significant differences (p13C between the samples from Myanmar and those from Cote d'Ivoire and Panama. However, the δ13C analysis alone was not effective in discriminating the samples from Cote d'Ivoire and Panama. In addition, an orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was conducted by combining isotope ratios and element content. This analysis resulted in an accuracy of 92.3% in discriminating between teak samples from the three countries, indicating a good level of discrimination. As such, it becomes feasible to achieve a certain degree of origin traceability for teak using δ13C as the main difference factor for significance testing. The discriminant analysis combining isotope ratios and element content enhances the discrimination accuracy, which can be applied to trace the origin of teak imported from different regions.
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
ER  -

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Author Information

Haibo Wang

Ningbo Customs District Technology Center, Ningbo, China
Bo Lu

Ningbo Customs District Technology Center, Ningbo, China
Xiaowei Kang

Ningbo Customs District Technology Center, Ningbo, China
Ming Ma

Ningbo Customs District Technology Center, Ningbo, China
Jianguo Chen

Ningbo Customs District Technology Center, Ningbo, China

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APA Style

Haibo Wang, Bo Lu, Xiaowei Kang, Ming Ma, Jianguo Chen. (2023). Application of Stable Isotope and Multi-Element Analysis in the Origin Traceability of Teak (Tectona spp.) Imported into China. Journal of Plant Sciences, 11(4), 144-149. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16

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ACS Style

Haibo Wang; Bo Lu; Xiaowei Kang; Ming Ma; Jianguo Chen. Application of Stable Isotope and Multi-Element Analysis in the Origin Traceability of Teak (Tectona spp.) Imported into China. J. Plant Sci. 2023, 11(4), 144-149. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16

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AMA Style

Haibo Wang, Bo Lu, Xiaowei Kang, Ming Ma, Jianguo Chen. Application of Stable Isotope and Multi-Element Analysis in the Origin Traceability of Teak (Tectona spp.) Imported into China. J Plant Sci. 2023;11(4):144-149. doi: 10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16

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@article{10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16,
  author = {Haibo Wang and Bo Lu and Xiaowei Kang and Ming Ma and Jianguo Chen},
  title = {Application of Stable Isotope and Multi-Element Analysis in the Origin Traceability of Teak (Tectona spp.) Imported into China},
  journal = {Journal of Plant Sciences},
  volume = {11},
  number = {4},
  pages = {144-149},
  doi = {10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.jps.20231104.16},
  abstract = {Teak (Tectona spp.) is a precious species with high commercial value. Its characteristics vary from different growth regions, and its value will also be different. There has been a lack of reliable technological means to trace the origin of teak from various countries. In this study, we collected samples of teak trees in Myanmar, Cote d'Ivoire, and Panama from the ports where timber is imported into China to measure the content of 11 elements and the ratios of stable isotopes δ13C and δ15N, which are used by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). Furthermore, software for statistical analysis, such as SPSS and SIMCA, was utilized to explore the statistical correlations of difference factors among samples from different countries and assess the application values of origin traceability. The results revealed significant differences (p13C and δ15N values, indicating significant differences (p13C between the samples from Myanmar and those from Cote d'Ivoire and Panama. However, the δ13C analysis alone was not effective in discriminating the samples from Cote d'Ivoire and Panama. In addition, an orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was conducted by combining isotope ratios and element content. This analysis resulted in an accuracy of 92.3% in discriminating between teak samples from the three countries, indicating a good level of discrimination. As such, it becomes feasible to achieve a certain degree of origin traceability for teak using δ13C as the main difference factor for significance testing. The discriminant analysis combining isotope ratios and element content enhances the discrimination accuracy, which can be applied to trace the origin of teak imported from different regions.},
 year = {2023}
}

Copy | Download

TY  - JOUR
T1  - Application of Stable Isotope and Multi-Element Analysis in the Origin Traceability of Teak (Tectona spp.) Imported into China
AU  - Haibo Wang
AU  - Bo Lu
AU  - Xiaowei Kang
AU  - Ming Ma
AU  - Jianguo Chen
Y1  - 2023/08/22
PY  - 2023
N1  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16
DO  - 10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16
T2  - Journal of Plant Sciences
JF  - Journal of Plant Sciences
JO  - Journal of Plant Sciences
SP  - 144
EP  - 149
PB  - Science Publishing Group
SN  - 2331-0731
UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.jps.20231104.16
AB  - Teak (Tectona spp.) is a precious species with high commercial value. Its characteristics vary from different growth regions, and its value will also be different. There has been a lack of reliable technological means to trace the origin of teak from various countries. In this study, we collected samples of teak trees in Myanmar, Cote d'Ivoire, and Panama from the ports where timber is imported into China to measure the content of 11 elements and the ratios of stable isotopes δ13C and δ15N, which are used by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS). Furthermore, software for statistical analysis, such as SPSS and SIMCA, was utilized to explore the statistical correlations of difference factors among samples from different countries and assess the application values of origin traceability. The results revealed significant differences (p13C and δ15N values, indicating significant differences (p13C between the samples from Myanmar and those from Cote d'Ivoire and Panama. However, the δ13C analysis alone was not effective in discriminating the samples from Cote d'Ivoire and Panama. In addition, an orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was conducted by combining isotope ratios and element content. This analysis resulted in an accuracy of 92.3% in discriminating between teak samples from the three countries, indicating a good level of discrimination. As such, it becomes feasible to achieve a certain degree of origin traceability for teak using δ13C as the main difference factor for significance testing. The discriminant analysis combining isotope ratios and element content enhances the discrimination accuracy, which can be applied to trace the origin of teak imported from different regions.
VL  - 11
IS  - 4
ER  -

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